Diagnostic adapters: which one fits your car

How each adapter works, pinouts, drivers, clones — and exactly what the Diagnost program reads through it, by make and year.

Firmware versions, clone identification with AT commands, OBD-II pinout, USB, Bluetooth, BLE and WiFi setup on Windows.

Model-by-model breakdown of the OBDLink line and the buses each one can actually reach.

What pass-thru is, which interfaces are worth the money, how the driver installs, and what Diagnost reads through one.

The cable for E-series BMW and Mini R50–R56: every module, coding and service functions, plus plain K-line on other makes up to 2007.

The cable for F, G and I series BMWs: diagnostics and coding over Ethernet, with no electronics inside the plug.

The $5 K-line cable explained: chips, drivers, the honest model-year cut-off, and 64-bit Windows software.